South Korea Lawmakers Vote in 2nd Bid to Impeach Yoon over Martial Law Debacle

SEOUL (Reuters) - On Saturday 14 December 2024, South Korean lawmakers started voting on a second motion to impeach President Yoon Suk Yeol over his attempt to impose martial law, a move that shocked the nation, split his party and imperilled his presidency half way through his term.

The fresh attempt faces the risk of failure after media reported that Yoon's People Power Party had decided to maintain its official position to vote against the impeachment.

However, seven PPP members have said publicly they intend to back impeachment. The opposition parties, which control 192 seats, need at least eight PPP votes for the motion to pass.

Yoon rescinded his 3 December decision to impose military rule barely six hours later, after the opposition-controlled parliament defied troops and police to vote against the decree. But it plunged the country into a constitutional crisis and triggered widespread calls for him to step down on the grounds that he had broken the law.

Opposition parties had launched the fresh impeachment vote, with large demonstrations taking place ahead of the vote.

Yoon's conservative PPP boycotted the first impeachment vote a week earlier, preventing a quorum.

Ahead of Saturday's vote PPP lawmakers met and affirmed their stance to still oppose impeachment, but said party members were free to participate in the vote this time.

PPP leader Han Dong-hoon has urged party members to vote for impeachment this time.

Ahn Cheol-soo, a PPP lawmaker backing Yoon's impeachment, said in a Facebook post on Saturday that he would vote for impeachment "for the sake of swift stabilisation of people's livelihood, economy and diplomacy".

The main opposition Democratic Party said on Saturday Yoon's "madness" could no longer be tolerated.

"Refusing impeachment is treason against the people," the party said in a statement, asking more from the ruling party to join the impeachment.

'FIGHT TO THE END'

If impeached, Yoon would lose authority but remain in office until the Constitutional Court either removes or reinstates him. In the meantime, Prime Minister Han Duck-soo would serve as acting president.

If the court removes Yoon or he resigns, a presidential election must be held within 60 days.

Yoon is separately under criminal investigation for alleged insurrection over the martial law declaration and authorities have banned him from travelling overseas.

He has not signalled a willingness to resign and in a speech on Thursday vowed he would "fight to the end", defending his martial law decree as necessary to overcome political deadlock and protect the country from domestic politicians who he said were undermining democracy.

Yoon, president of Asia's fourth-largest economy, hopes political allies will rally to support him, but the fiery remarks appeared to find mixed reception among PPP lawmakers.

A Gallup Korea poll on Friday found two-thirds of supporters of Yoon's party opposing the impeachment, though three-quarters of all respondents supported it.

Protesters calling for Yoon's impeachment began gathering near the parliament on Saturday, while pro-Yoon right-wing rallies at the centre of Seoul were due to start early in the afternoon.

Some K-pop celebrities have slammed the president and plan to donate food and drinks for those participating in the rally to demand Yoon's impeachment.

People have been using delivery apps to pre-order food and coffee for protesters.

Elected in 2022, Yoon was widely welcomed in Washington and other Western capitals for his rhetoric defending global democracy and freedom, but critics said that masked growing problems at home.

He clashed with opposition lawmakers whom he has labelled as "anti-state forces", and press freedom organisations have criticised his heavy-handed approach to media coverage that he deems negative.

The crisis and ensuing uncertainty have shaken financial markets and threatened to undermine South Korea's reputation as a stable, democratic success story.

South Korean shares rose for a fourth straight session on Friday on hopes that the political uncertainty would ease after this weekend's parliamentary impeachment vote.

UPDATE

South Korea's opposition-led parliament impeached President Yoon Suk Yeol on Saturday, voting to suspend him from his official duties. Under the constitution, Prime Minister Han Duck-soo, who was appointed by Yoon, becomes acting president.

Yoon is the second conservative president in a row to be impeached in South Korea. Park Geun-hye was removed from office in 2017.

The motion was carried after some members of Yoon's People Power Party joined the opposition parties, which control 192 seats in the 300-member national assembly, clearing the two-thirds threshold needed for impeachment. The number of lawmakers supporting impeachment was 204, with 85 against, three abstentions and eight invalid ballots.